Manual therapy , or manipulative therapy , is a physical treatment primarily used by physical therapists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, chiropractors, massage therapists, athletic trainers, osteopaths, and osteopaths doctors to treat musculoskeletal pain and disability; This most often includes massaging and muscle manipulation, joint mobilization and joint manipulation.
A review of the 2011 literature suggests that placebo is one possibility of many potentially relevant mechanisms through which manual therapy improves clinical outcomes related to musculoskeletal pain conditions.
Video Manual therapy
Definition
Irvin Korr, J. S. Denslow and colleagues conducted preliminary work on manual therapy. Korr describes it as "Appropriately-defined and specifically directed manual adoption to the body, to improve mobility in restricted areas, in joints, in connective tissue or in skeletal muscle."
In accordance with Orthopedic Physical Therapy Manual Description of Advanced Special Practice manual therapy is defined as a clinical approach utilizing special hand techniques, including but not limited to manipulation/mobilization, used by physical therapists to diagnose and treat soft tissues and joint structure for the purpose of modulating pain; increase range of motion (ROM); reduce or eliminate soft-tissue inflammation; encouraging relaxation; improve the repair of contractile and non-contractile, extended, and/or stability networks; facilitate movement; and improve functionality.
A consensus study of US chiropractors defines manual therapy (commonly known as "chiropractic adjustment" in the profession) as "The procedure by which the hands directly contact the body to treat articulation and/or soft tissue."
Maps Manual therapy
Use and method
In Western Europe, North America, and Australasia, manual therapy is usually practiced by members of certain health care professions (eg, Chiropractors, Occupational Therapy Experts, Osteopaths, Osteopathic doctors, physiotherapists/physical therapists, massage therapists, and physiotherapists). However, some lay practitioners (not members of the structured profession), such as bones also provide some form of manual therapy.
A survey released in May 2004 by the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health focuses on who uses complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), what is used, and why it was used in the United States by adults during 2002. Massage is the most the fifth generally use CAM in the United States in 2007.
Technique
- Myofascial therapy targets the muscles and fascial system, increasing the flexibility and mobility of the connective tissue. It is said to mobilize adhesion and reduce the severity/sensitivity of scarring. Critical analysis found that the relevance of fascia to therapy is doubtful.
- Massage can be used as part of the treatment. Proponents claim this can reduce inflammation. Science writing Paul Ingraham notes that there is no evidence to support such claims.
- The friction massage is said to increase the mobilization of adhesion between layers of fascia, muscles, compartments and other soft tissues. They are thought to create an inflammatory response and trigger focus to the wounded area. A systematic review in 2012 found that no additional benefit arose from the inclusion of deep tissue friction massage in a therapeutic regime, although its conclusions were limited by the small sample size in available randomized clinical trials.
- Strong soft tissue techniques, direct pressure to relax the hypertonic muscles and stretch the strict fascia structure. The 2015 review concludes that this technique is ineffective for low back pain, and the quality of testing tests has poor effectiveness.
- The Trigger Point Technique claims to overcome the Myofascial Trigger points, although an explanation of how this works is controversial and reviews in 2008 and 2009 questioned whether trigger point was a valid diagnosis at all given the small amount of evidence of poor quality available.
Stretching
From the effectiveness section of the main article:
- Medical evidence has shown that stretching has no significant benefit in preventing muscle pain.
- In addition to running before, stretching does not appear to reduce the risk of injury during exercise.
- Some evidence suggests that pre-sports stretches may increase the range of movement.
- The Mayo Clinic recommends not to bounce, and hold for thirty seconds. They suggest warming up before stretching or stretching after exercise.
Recording
Manual therapy practitioners often use therapeutic recordings to reduce pressure on injured soft tissues, alter muscle burning patterns or prevent back injuries. Some techniques are designed to improve the exchange of lymphatic fluid. After soft tissue injury to muscles or tendons from sports activities, more than exertion or recurrent injuries to swelling injuries can inhibit blood flooding to the area and slow healing. Elastic recording methods can reduce the pressure of swollen tissue and improve circulation to the wound area.
According to the medical community and skeptics there is no known benefit of this technique and that is pseudosain.
Manual therapy style
There are many different styles of manual therapy. This is a fundamental feature of ayurvedic medicine, traditional Chinese medicine and some forms of New Age alternative medicine and is used by mainstream medical practitioners. The hand framework is a feature of therapeutic interactions within traditional cultures around the world.
See also
- Body psychotherapy
- McKenzie Method
- Osteopathy
- Physical therapy
- Qigong
References
Further reading
Journal
- The Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy
- Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapy - PubMed Access found here
Books
- Karel Lewit (1999). Manipulative therapy in locomotor system rehabilitation . Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-2964-9.
- Umasankar Mohanty (2017). Clinical Symposium On Manual Therapy . Mangalore: MTFI Health Publication. ISBNÃ, 978-81-908154-1-3
- Weiselfish-Giammatteo, S., J. B. Fabrics; et al. (2005). Integrative manual therapy for connective tissue systems: myofascial release . Berkeley, California: North Atlantic Books CS1 maint: Multiple names: list of authors (links)
- Kimberly Burnham (2007). Integrative Manual Therapy . West Hartford, CT: Burnham Reviews.
- Umasankar Mohanty (2010). Manual therapy of the pelvic complex . Mangalore: MTFI Health Publication. ISBNÃ, 978-81-908154-0-6
External links
- American Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapists
- American Organization for Asian Bodywork Therapy
- The Indian Manual Therapy Foundation
- International Federation of Therapist Manipulative Orthopedics
- The Sports Injury Clinic at Farnham
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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