David Koresh (born Vernon Wayne Howell ; August 17, 1959 - April 19, 1993) is an American leader of the Davidians, believing himself to be his last prophet.
Koresh came from a dysfunctional and member family background, and then a leader, from Shepherds Rod, a reform movement led by Victor Houteff who emerged from within the Seventh-day Adventist Church.
Koresh joined the spiritual group based in the Mount Carmel Center outside Waco, Texas, where the group took the name "David Branch". Here he competes to dominate with another leader named George Roden, until Roden is incarcerated for killing other rivals.
The surrender of arrest warrants and searches by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and US Weapons (ATF) as part of an investigation into the possession of firearms and illegal explosives provoked a 1993 historic attack at the center. Four ATF agents and six Davidis were killed in an initial two-hour shoot, both sides claiming the other fired a shot first. The next siege by the FBI nearly two months ended when the center was set on fire - Koresh and 79 others were found dead after the fire.
Video David Koresh
Kehidupan awal
Cyrus was born Vernon Wayne Howell on August 17, 1959 in Houston, Texas, becoming a 14-year-old single mother, Bonnie Sue Clark (1944-2009) and Bobby Wayne Howell's father (1939-2008). Before Koresh was born, his father met another teenage girl and left Bonnie Sue. Koresh never met his father, and his mother started living with an alcoholic.
In 1963, Koresh's mother left her boyfriend and placed her 4-year-old son in the care of his maternal grandmother, Earline Clark. Her mother returned when she was seven years old, after marrying a carpenter named Roy Haldeman. Haldeman and Clark have a son named Roger, who was born in 1966.
Koresh describes his childhood as lonely. Due to his poor studying ability and dyslexia, he was put into a special education class and dubbed "Vernie" by his fellow students. Koresh dropped out of Garland High School in his first year.
When Koresh was 22 years old, he had sexual relations with a pregnant 15-year-old girl. He claimed to have been a reborn Christian in the Southern Baptist Church and soon joined his mother's church, the Seventh-day Adventist Church. There he became infatuated with the minister's daughter and, while praying for guidance, he opened his eyes and allegedly found the open Bible in Isaiah 34:16, stating that "... there is nothing for his spouse..."; sure this is a sign from God, he approached the pastor and told him that God wanted him to have his daughter for a wife. The preacher threw him out, and as he continued to pursue his daughter, he was expelled from the congregation.
In 1982, he moved to Waco, Texas, where he joined the Davidian Branch, not to be confused with the original Seventh-day Adventist Adventist Group. A man named Ben Roden is from the Branch group. Roden had studied under Victor Houteff but after the death of Houteff in 1955, he formed his own group with new teachings unrelated to the original people of David. Koresh played the guitar and sang in the service at Mount Carmel Center. His band played several times at clubs in Waco, and former members (such as David Thibodeau) have written that he recruited them through music. Koresh also tried to pursue his own record company but he was unsuccessful due to lack of funds and support.
Maps David Koresh
Ascent to the Branch of Davidians
In 1983, Koresh began to claim the gift of prophecy. It is speculated by David Thibodeau in his 1999 book A Place Called Waco that he had sexual relations with Lois Roden, the prophetess and the cult leader, then aged 65, finally claimed that God had chosen him to be the father of a child with him, who will be the Chosen One. In 1983, Lois Roden allowed Koresh to begin teaching his own message, called "The Serpent's Root," which caused controversy within the group. Lois Roden's son, George Roden, intended to be the next group leader and regarded Koresh as an interloper.
When Cyrus announced that God had ordered him to marry Rachel Jones (who later added Cyrus to his name), there was a short period of calm at Mount Carmel Center, but that proved to be temporary. In the ensuing power struggle, George Roden, who claimed to have the support of a majority of the group, forced Koresh and his group to release treasures at gunpoint.
In 1985, Koresh and about 25 followers set up camp in Palestine, Texas, 90 miles (140 km) from Waco, where they lived in bad conditions on buses and tents for the next two years, during which time Koresh recruited new followers. in California, Britain, Israel and Australia. That same year Koresh traveled to Israel where he claimed that he had a vision that he was a modern Cyrus.
The founder of the Davidian movement, Victor Houteff, wanted to be God's instrument and establish the kingdom of David in Palestine. Cyrus also wanted to be God's instrument and establish the kingdom of David in Jerusalem. At least until 1990, he believed his martyrdom might be in Israel, but in 1991 he was convinced that his martyrdom would be in the United States. Instead of Israel, he says that Daniel's prophecy will be fulfilled in Waco and that Mount Carmel Center is the kingdom of David.
After being exiled to the Palestinian camp, Koresh and his followers added a primitive presence. When Lois Roden died in 1986, the exiled Branch Saints were wondering if they would be able to return to the Mount Carmel Center. But despite the displacement, "Koresh now enjoys the loyalty of the majority of the [David Branch] community". At the end of 1987, George Roden's support dropped dramatically. To get it back, he challenges Koresh to a contest to raise the dead, going so far as to dig up a corpse to show his spiritual supremacy. Koresh went to the authorities to file a lawsuit against Roden for illegally digging a corpse, but was told that he had to show evidence (such as a corpse).
Koresh took the opportunity to seek Roden's criminal prosecution by returning to the Mount Carmel Center with seven armed followers trying to obtain evidence of the crime's photograph. The Koresh group was discovered by Roden and a firefight ensued. When the sheriff arrived, Roden had suffered a small gunshot wound and was shot in the back of a tree. As a result of the incident, Koresh and his followers were accused of attempted murder. At the trial, Koresh explained that he went to the Mount Carmel Center to uncover evidence of a crime-related crime by Roden. The followers of Cyrus are freed, and in Koresh's case a lie is announced.
In 1989, Roden killed Wayman Dale Adair with an ax blow to the skull after Adair expressed his conviction that he (Adair) was a true messiah. Roden was convicted of murder and imprisoned in a mental hospital in Big Spring, Texas. Since Roden owes thousands of dollars in unpaid taxes at Mount Carmel Center, Koresh and his followers can raise money and get the property back.
Roden continued to harass the Koresh faction by filing legal documents when imprisoned. When Koresh and his followers retrieve the Mount Carmel Center, they discover that tenants who rented from Roden have left the methamphetamine laboratory, which Koresh reports to the local police department and asks to be moved.
Rename
Vernon Howell filed a petition at California State Superior Court in Pomona on May 15, 1990, to officially change his name "for publicity and business purposes" to David Koresh. On August 28, 1990, Judge Robert Martinez granted the petition.
Koresh is the Biblical name of the Great Corset (Kur, Kurosh), a Persian king named Messiah for liberating the Jews during the Babylonian Conquest. His first name, David, symbolizes a direct line to the biblical King David, from whom the new messiah would descend. By taking David Koresh's name, he "acknowledged himself as a spiritual descendant of King David, a messianist who performs divinely assigned duties."
Child and child abuse allegations
Koresh is allegedly involved in several incidents of child abuse and sexual harassment. These claims have never been proven. The Cyrus doctrine of David's House does lead to "marriage" with married and single women in groups supposedly with at least one underage girl. The underage girl is Michelle Jones, the younger sister of Koresh's legal wife, Rachel, and the daughters of David David Jones and Mary Belle Jones. Koresh is suspected of having sex with Michelle when she was thirteen, obviously with the consent of the Joneses.
A six-month investigation of child abuse allegations by Texas Child Protection Services in 1992 failed to find any evidence, perhaps because members of David's Branch hide the spiritual marriage of Cyrus with Michelle Jones, assigning the surrogate husband (David Thibodeau) to the girl. for appearance.
Regarding the alleged child abuse, the evidence is less certain. In one widely reported incident, the former member claimed that Koresh was annoyed with the cry of his son Cyrus and beat the boy cruelly for several minutes on three consecutive visits to the child's bedroom. In a second report, a man who was involved in a prisoner's battle visited the Mount Carmel Center and claimed to have seen the beating of a young boy with a stick.
Finally, the FBI's justification for forcing an end to 51 days of deadlock is based on allegations that Koresh abused children in the Mount Carmel Center. Hours after the deadly fire, Attorney General Janet Reno told reporters that "We have special information that babies are beaten." But FBI Director William Sessions has publicly denied the allegations and told reporters they have no information about child abuse in the Mount Carmel Center. Careful examination of other child abuse allegations found evidence of weakness and ambiguity, raising doubts over the allegations.
Allegations of child abuse mostly come from critics and former members. The US Department of Justice report in 1993 cited allegations of child sexual and physical abuse. The law degree indicates that ATF has no legal jurisdiction in the case of child protection and it appears that these accounts were inserted by the ATF to inflame the case against Cyrus. For example, former Branch Davidian Jeannine Bunds account is reproduced in a written statement. He claims that Koresh has been the father of at least 15 children with various women and that he has personally sent seven of these children. The Bunds also claim that Koresh will cancel all married couples who join the group and have exclusive sexual access to the women.
Koresh became the father of many different daughters in the group. His House of David doctrine is based on a recognized revelation involving the procreation of 24 children by elected women in society. These 24 children must serve as the ruling elders during the millennium after Christ's return.
In his book, James Tabor states that Koresh admitted to a videotape that was sent out of the compound during the impasse that he had been the father of more than 12 children by several "wives". On March 3, 1993, during the negotiations to release the remaining children, Koresh advised the Negotiating Team that: "My children are different from others", referring to their direct lineage to previously released children.
The siege began on February 28, 1993, when the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF) attacked the Mount Carmel Center. The next battle of arms resulted in the death of four agents and six branches of David. Shortly after the initial attack, the FBI Danger Rescue Team took over the command of federal operations, as the FBI has jurisdiction over incidents involving the deaths of federal agents. The negotiating team made contact with Koresh inside the compound. Communication over the next 51 days included telephone exchanges with various FBI negotiators.
Koresh was badly wounded by a gunshot wound. When the impasse continued, Koresh and his closest male leaders negotiated a delay, perhaps so that he could write religious documents that he said needed to be solved before he surrendered. His conversations with the negotiators are solid and include biblical images. Federal negotiators treat this situation as a hostage crisis.
The Mount Carmel Center siege ended 51 days later on April 19, 1993, when US Attorney Janet Reno approved the FBI officials' recommendation to proceed with the latest progress in which the David Branch had to be forcibly removed from their building. In an attempt to flush Cyrus from the castle, the FBI was forced to pump CS gas from the M728 Combat Engineer Vehicle with a battering into the compound.
In the course of progress in the compound, the church building was burned in disputed circumstances. Barricaded inside the building, 79 David's Branch was killed in the fire that followed; 22 of these victims are children under the age of 17 years. According to the FBI, Steve Schneider, Koresh's right hand, who "probably realizes he's dealing with fraud," shot and killed Koresh and then committed suicide with the same weapon.. The FBI's opinion that Schneider killed Koresh was rumor and speculation. The second note gives a completely different story: "Koresh, then 33 years old, died of a gunshot wound to the head during a fire, no one knows who killed him or if he committed suicide." The medical examiner reported that although federal law enforcement personnel did not fire the shooting that day, 20 people, including five children under the age of 14, were shot, and a three-year-old boy was stabbed in the chest.
The death of Cyrus has a striking resemblance to the death of other heretical leader, Jim Jones, who leads the People's Temple. In any case, a controversial ruler dies of a gunshot wound to the head during an apocalypse, and it is not known whether the death was suicide or murder.
Aftermath
Koresh is buried in Memorial Park Cemetery, Tyler, Texas in the "Last Supper" section. Some of David Koresh's albums were released, including Voice Of Fire in 1994. In 2004, Koresh's 1968 Camaro, which had been damaged during the attack, sold for $ 37,000 at auction.
Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols called the Mount Carmel Center attack the motivation of the Oklahoma City bombing on April 19, 1995 - timed to coincide with the second anniversary of the Waco attack.
On January 23, 2009, Koresh's mother, Bonnie Clark Haldeman, was stabbed to death in Chandler, Texas; her sister, Beverly Clark, was accused of killing.
Four documentary films have been made about the siege, including the different versions of Waco: The Rules of Engagement, Waco: A New Revelation, Waco: The Big Lie , and Oklahoma City .
Court TV television series (now TruTV) Mugshots released an episode about Koresh titled David Koresh .
Koresh is represented by Taylor Kitsch in the 2018 miniseri Waco .
Cyrus is one of the inspirational sources used to create the fictional sect leader Joseph Seed in the 2018 action video adventure game Far Cry 5 .
See also
- The Waco siege
References
Further reading
- Lewis, J. R. (ed.), From Ashes: Creating a sense of Waco (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 1994).
- Wright, Stuart A. (ed.), Armageddon in Waco: A critical perspective on the Davidian Branch conflict (Chicago, U. of Chicago Press, 1995).
- Tabor, James, and Gallagher, Eugene, Why Waco? Sects and battles for religious freedom in America (Berkeley, U. of California Press, 1995).
- Reavis, Dick J. Abu Waco: An Investigation (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1995). ISBNÃ, 0-684-81132-4
- The sample, Kenneth et al. Prophets from Apocalypse: David Koresh & amp; Other American Messiahs (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1994). ISBNÃ, 0-8010-8367-2.
- Newport, Kenneth G. C. The Branch of Davidians of Waco: The History and Beliefs of an Apocalyptic Sect (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2006).
- Shaw, BD, "State Intervention and Sacred Violence: Timgad/Paleostrovsk/Waco," American Academy of Journal , 77.4 (2009), 853-894.
External links
"Vernon Wayne Howell alias David Koresh". Pemimpin Agama Cabang Daud . Temukan Makam. 16 Juli 2002 . Diperoleh 26 Juni, 2012 . Â
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